What is barefoot running?
Barefoot running is exactly what it sounds like: running in your bare feet, skin-to-ground.
However, some shoe companies advertise their minimalist running shoes and sandals as “barefoot” running shoes. This misnomer is a sore spot in the barefoot running community (which I’ll likely address in a future post).
If you don’t know what running sandals are, take a look at Xero, Luna, or Bedrock Sandals. I’ve owned all of them, but I’ve used them mainly for walking and hiking. One of my study participants runs 100 mile races in his sandals, so it’s definitely doable to run in these sandals, especially if you run trails. They are all refreshingly light, pliable, and comfortable.
Is barefoot running still a thing?
In 2009, Born to Run, was published. It is a nonfiction narrative by Christopher McDougall, recounting the author’s search to understand why he couldn’t escape running injuries. He suffers injury after injury, and in his quest to run far and free of pain, he ends up meeting various doctors, coaches, ultramarathoners, barefoot runners, and the Tarahumara people of Mexico, considered the greatest long distance runners ever, (and they run in sandals). The book culminates with an ultramarathon through the Copper Canyons of Mexico pitting the Tarahumara with the best American ultramarathoners, and of course, the author himself.
The publication of Born to Run marks a distinct moment in running. It is the metaphorical pebble that caused ripples throughout the running community, and it caused runners everywhere to question what they were wearing on their feet.
It’s a great read whether or not you run, and I highly recommend it.
Last year, McDougall and Eric Orton (his coach) released a follow-up book, Born to Run 2. If barefoot running was just a fad, it’s one that refuses to die. Born to Run 2 is the handbook or training guide to the first book. It teaches runners how to run and avoid injuries. After all, other sports teach technique for best performance, why not running?
About the barefoot runners in my study
I asked thirty-three runners who identified as barefoot runners about their unique running approach. All had run foot-to-ground extensively. Many were still pure barefoot runners. Others ran barefoot only during the warmer months. Finally, some only ran barefoot occasionally and instead ran in sandals or minimalist running shoes most of the time.
I had a lot of questions for the study participants, but generally I wanted to understand how these runners sustained their running practice while being on the fringe of a much larger running community. In other words, what drove them to try barefoot running and why do they stick with it?
I’ll share the answers in a series of blog posts. Specifically, I’ll share the takeaways of my interviews, gleaning what is important for all runners.
And, by the way, if you’re not a runner, you’ll still benefit from the advice below.
The only criteria for being a participant in my study was you had to have run completely barefoot at some point in your running career.
The study participants ranged in age from their 20s to their 70s. The largest age group were those in their 50s, followed by 60. Besides six participants outside the United States, the participants resided in all regions of the continental United States.
Although I did not explicitly ask about occupations, many participants revealed their jobs in the interviews. For instance, I interviewed professors, doctors, teachers, a pilot, a realtor, an entrepreneur, and a stay-at-home mother.
The demographics shattered any stereotypes I may have been imagining of barefoot runners; namely that they only live in California and work in the natural medicine industry.
This is how the initiation into barefoot running went for most participants, but not all: They were happy shod runners and experienced an injury they couldn’t get past, one that kept recurring. They transitioned slowly into barefoot running, either because they had read about it, by luck, or by desperation. They healed their injury. They either kept running barefoot or started introducing minimalist shoes or sandals into their running.
So what can every runner learn from barefoot runners?
1. Focus on your feet
Sorry, this section doesn’t advocate for more pedicures. With over 20 bones, 33 joints, and more than 100 tendons, muscles, and ligaments, our feet are complicated and easily prone to problems. Stretching and building the muscles in and around our feet — intentionally using your feet — will improve your running.
It is really surprising how little attention we give our feet as runners until something goes wrong. With the exception of our black toenails — our number one battle scar — our feet stay cozy in the latest running shoe.
Stop putting them in shoes all the time or as one participant called shoes: foot coffins.
Tight hips, hamstring pulls, shin splints, and of course, our runner’s knee get a lot more attention than our feet.
Barefoot runners argue that if you focus on the feet, you might solve some of the other problems as well.
If or when you are afflicted with plantar fasciitis, then your feet will demand your attention. Many of my study participants came to barefoot running because of a diagnosis of plantar fasciitis that simply could not be cured by traditional methods. They had tried everything, and it wasn’t until they took off their shoes entirely that they got some relief.
That story was repeated over and over.
Surprisingly, I witnessed the benefits of taking off your shoes in real time during my research: my colleague (a non-runner) was limping around the office. When I asked her what was going on, she described the symptoms of plantar fasciitis. I told her to look it up, and she agreed that it sounded exactly like what she was suffering from. I told her about the barefoot runners I was interviewing, and she simply smiled and said, “That’s nice” in the sort of dismissive way non-runners listen to runners talk about running. You know, like we’re a cult or something.
A few weeks later I noticed she was back to normal and asked her what she had done. She said, “I took my shoes off as soon as I got home and kept them off through the weekend. There might be something to that research you’re up to.”
Barefoot runners are proud of their incredibly strong feet.